Thyroid surgery

Symptoms of thyroid disease

There are several clinical manifestations that indicate abnormalities. Special attention should be paid to the patient’s health if he or she is concerned about the symptoms described below:

• soreness and discomfort in the neck;
• there is a cosmetic defect on the neck;
• difficulty swallowing;
• the patient’s body weight decreases or increases, but the diet and nutrition remain the same;
• emotional mood swings (tears, increased irritation, depression);
• hands shake, heart rate stops, heart rate quickens or slows down;
• increased sweating;
• high fatigue, weakness;
• menstrual irregularities in women;
• body temperature rises;
• there is a feeling of pressure in the neck, shortness of breath and other difficulty breathing;
• voice changes;
• headache.

The thyroid gland is responsible for the functioning of many organs, so they can suffer in case of any violations. The symptoms listed above become signals that can tell you about serious disorders in the body.

Thyroid surgery: indications

The main indications for rapid intervention on the thyroid gland include the following deviations:

• An autoimmune thyroiditis known as Hashimoto’s disease. The operation is performed when a goiter grows. The goiter grows rapidly and begins to press on the digestive system or respiratory system.
• Thyrotoxic goiter or Graves’ disease. This pathology most often pursues women. The disease requires an operation on the thyroid gland with a noticeable increase in it, with an allergic reaction, arrhythmias with cardiovascular insufficiency.
• Thyroid adenoma. This name was given to benign tumors. The disease is characterized by the formation of one or more nodes, which can retain the ability to synthesize hormones, which leads to thyrotoxicosis. In the last stages, the named nodes must be removed.
• Malignant lesions. They are a formation of glandular tissue, in the form of tumors of lymphatic tissues, sarcomas, metastases and fibrosarcomas. In this case, immediate thyroid surgery is an effective treatment. Often the thyroid is completely removed.

After organ surgery, the patient often needs to undergo a course of therapy that includes taking thyroid hormones. If the organ is completely removed, it can become permanent. If the thyroid gland is at least partially preserved, the decision on additional treatment and dosage is made taking into account the individual characteristics of the patient’s body.

Possible contraindications for surgery include:

• uncompensated thyrotoxicosis;
• I trimester of pregnancy;
• exacerbation of chronic diseases;
• severe comorbidities.

Types of thyroid surgeries

The most important step in planning future treatment will be to determine the scope of the operation. Each pathology of the thyroid gland provides for the necessary types of operations that bring the best effect.

The intervention of the surgeon depends on the degree of thyroid disease:

• Expanding the node. The organ is not removed, only a single node in a large connective tissue capsule should be removed.
• Isthmus resection. The doctor removes the part that connects the halves of the gland.
• Hemithyroidectomy. During the operation, one of the lobes of the thyroid gland is removed. This is done if the nodes are locatedwives in one half.
• Subtotal resection. The gland is removed, only a part of it remains. This move is used when Graves’ disease or Hashimoto’s thyroiditis occurs.
• Total thyroidectomy. This treatment option is necessary in the presence of a malignant tumor, other difficult pathologies.

Rapid Thyroid Treatment varies in duration. Much depends on the disease and the amount of work. It often takes about 2-2.5 hours, on average it takes even less. The patient stays in the hospital for about three days.

Tests before thyroid surgery

In order to determine the general health of the patient and make the correct diagnosis of thyroid disease, a number of laboratory examination methods are prescribed:

• general, detailed, biochemical blood test;
• coagulogram;
• blood electrolytes, calcitonin;
• ATPO;
• TTG;
• Т₃, Т₄ free;
• blood type, Rh factor determination;
• RMP;
• blood sugar;
• HBS-ag;
• general urinalysis.

Thanks to the analyzes obtained, it is possible to fully present a picture of the patient’s state of health and prescribe the correct treatment. Based on the results, the doctor can understand what kind of drug therapy the patient needs. In some cases, you may need to consult a cardiologist, ENT, gynecologist, gastroenterologist, ophthalmologist.

Instrumental diagnostics

In instrumental diagnostics can use:

• Ultrasound of the thyroid gland and abdominal organs;
• ECG;
• EchoS;
• technetium scintigraphy;
• chest x-ray;
• Fine needle aspiration biopsy (TAPB).

The Certus Clinic offers a wide range of services for the treatment of various thyroid pathologies. The best experts will help you with competent advice. It is proposed to pass laboratory tests, undergo instrumental diagnostics and surgical treatment of the organ.

Recovery after deletion

Removing an important organ is often the only way to improve quality of life and stop signs of disease. After the classic operation on the thyroid gland, a small trace remains. Sometimes the removal of stitches is not required at all, because the edges of the skin are fixed with special medical glue.

Thanks to the endoscopic operation to remove the thyroid gland, carried out by the axillary method, the patient’s problem is solved without noticeable aesthetic drawbacks. The recovery period takes a minimum amount of time. A few hours after surgery, the patient can perform daily tasks.

During the recovery period, it is necessary to strictly follow a number of recommendations offered by the attending physician: limiting intense physical activity, taking prescribed medications on time.

It should be noted that the treatment is selected individually. The characteristics of the patient’s body are taken into account, which is why hormone replacement therapy is not always needed.

Cost of the operation

The cost of treatment will depend on the complexity of the operation and the chosen method. The clinic “Certus” uses modern equipment, surgeons are highly qualified.